Article
ORAL CAVITY DYSBIOSIS UNDER THE DURABLE OPIOID ANALGESIC INFLUENCE IN EXPERIMENT
| About the author: | Fik V. B., Fedechko Y. M., Kryvko Y. Ya. |
| Heading | EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE |
| Type of article | Scentific article |
| Annotation | Introduction. Psychoactive medications overuse became one of the most important problems of modern narcology. In particular, drug addiction contribute to development of all stomatological diseases, complicates differential diagnostic and treatment of the organs of oral cavity. Question about connection between species content and quantitative correlation of the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity and form and stage of the parodont inflammatory process needs further investigation with the usage of microbiological methods for the concretization of the etiological factors and for choosing most adequate ways of treatment and prophylaxis. Methods. Experiments were hold on white male rats (20) aged 3,5-7,5 months. Condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity was assessed visually. Opioid intoxication was made by method. Experimental animals had been receiving opioid analgesic “Nalbufin”, derivative of morphine, once a week during 10 weeks. Observation of the mucous membrane condition was made with the assess of the changes expression degree: 0 – without visual changes; stage 1 – color change, mucous swelling; stage 2 – color change, mucous swelling, erosion; stage 3 – color change, mucous swelling, erosion, ulcer; stage 4 – all the same plus necrotic changes. Bacteriological investigation included taking a culture and microscopic investigation of the smear. Results. Inflammatory changes of the mucous membrane were registered in all animals (95 %) on the 10th week of the experiment. Swelling and redness of the mucous were registered in 10 %. These changes with erosions – 30 %. Deep lesions with ulcerative process – in a third. In 25% of rats – necrotic process. Some peculiarities were determined under the microscopic investigation of the smear in dependence of the pathological process development. On the first stage mucous epithelium was determined – cells in quantity to 10 in the field of vision, on the surface of which coccous microflora adsorption was found. Leucocytes were determined to 20 in the field of vision. On the second and third stage of pathological process development quantity of the leucocytes increased to 70 in the field of vision, epithelium cells with the signs of degeneration, bacterial cells – in the all field of vision, often in the form of association, which can be identificated as stafilococcus or streptococcus. On the fourth stage, microscopic picture pointed on the inflammatory-necrotic process, in particular, epithelium cells were found with the signs of degenerative and destructive processes, mononuclears and segmented leukocytes, erythrocytes and their autophagocytosis were determined in the all field of vision. Gram-negative microflora, formed in the form of associations, was prevailing, and also association of the gram-positive microflora was found. Microbial cultures were determined as association of different species. Content of these associations and their quantitative characteristics depended from the stage of the pathological process development. Pathological species were determined in all experimental animals, in particular, S. aureus, escheryichia with hemolytic abilities. 3-4 bacterial species were determined on the first stages, 1-2 species – on the stages of inflammatory and necrotic changes. Quantity of S. aureus increased in 4 times. Quantity of the conditionally-pathological and saprophit bacteria also increased. Discussion and Conclusion. Thus, microbiological investigations show that changes of bacterial population of the oral cavity which develop under the opioid intoxication can be characterized as dysbiosis. Results of our investigation are the same with literature data, which indicate the importance of the gram-positive microflora in development of inflammatory process in the oral cavity, in particular, importance of the S. aureus, which has wide range of adaptability characteristics and toxins with necrotic influence. |
| Tags | oral cavity, opioid, microbiological investigation |
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| Publication of the article | «World of Medicine and Biology» №2(50) 2 part 2015 year, 181-185 pages, index UDK 616.31-008.87:615.212.7]-092.4/.9 |