Article
OCCUPATIONAL TEACHERS’ DISEASES
| About the author: | Alla Vitsiuk |
| Heading | MEDICAL EDUCATION |
| Type of article | Scentific article |
| Annotation | Quality of life is the product of the interplay among social, health, economic and environmental conditions which affect human and social development. It can also be said that quality of life reflects the difference between the hopes and expectations of a person and their present experience. Lifestyle is characteristic way of individuals’ life, determined by his behaviors which occur consistently in certain time of period. There are two different ways of lifestyle: lifestyle devoted to health and to health adverse lifestyle. For teacher a lifestyle devoted to health is very important. There are some occupational diseases of teachers. Teachers can have great influence on quality of physical education, it is very important for them to stay health and in good physical condition. The essence of the concept of "occupational disease" is generally analyzed and the occupational diseases of teachers is represented in detail in this article. Among the most common diseases we should notify such as pharyngitis, laryngitis, thrombophlebitis, varicosity, diabetes, hypertension, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and others. It is noted that the profession of teacher is one of the most stressful. It requires constant emotional and physical stress, affecting the teacher’s health and quality of his work. Cardiovascular reactivity, the abrupt increase in blood pressure and heart rate that occurs during stress is emerging as a potential risk factor for hypertension and coronary artery disease. Occupational stress has been defined as the experience of negative emotional states such as frustration, job dissatisfaction, reduced job commitment, worry, anxiety, poor motivation, and depression attributed to work related factors. Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, which frequently results in hoarseness or loss of the voice. Laryngitis may be acute or chronic and the most common form associated with a viral upper respiratory tract infection is self-limiting although bacterial infection may also cause laryngitis in association with bronchitis or pneumonia. Pharyngitis is an inflammatory condition of the pharynx accompanied by a sore throat and occasionally difficulty in swallowing. It is usually viral but may be caused by bacterial or fungal infection. Superficial thrombophlebitis is a common inflammatory-thrombotic disorder in which a thrombus develops in a vein located near the surface of the skin. Most superficial veins that develop thrombosis also have phlebitis, in contrast to deep venous thrombosis (DVT), a sometimes asymptomatic condition in which phlebitis may be absent. Varicose veins are veins that have become enlarged and twisted. The term commonly refers to the veins on the leg, although varicose veins can occur elsewhere. Veins have pairs of leaflet valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards (retrograde flow or venous reflux). Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. High blood pressure is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against the artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease. Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in the arteries. Angina pectoris is the result of myocardial ischemia caused by an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and oxygen demand. It is a common presenting symptom (typically, chest pain) among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Myocardial infarction (MI) (i.e. heart attack) is the irreversible death (necrosis) of heart muscle secondary to prolonged lack of oxygen supply (ischemia). The patient’s heart rate is often increased (tachycardic) secondary to a high sympathoadrenal discharge. The pulse may be irregular because of ventricular ectopy, an accelerated idioventricular rhythm, ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation or flutter, or other supraventricular arrhythmias; bradyarrhythmias may be present. In recent years, the problem of teacher stress and the related issues of redundant teachers, education reforms, language proficiency assessment for teachers, and reduction in the size and number of classes and schools has already drawn public attention and was frequently the subject of newspaper headlines. |
| Tags | occupational disease, stress, emotional stress, pharyngitis, laryngitis, thrombophlebitis, varicosity, diabetes, hypertension, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction |
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| Publication of the article | «World of Medicine and Biology» №2(60), 2017 year, 200-203 pages, index UDK 613.62 |