Hryntsova N. B., Romanyuk A. M.

MORPHOLOGICAL REARRANGEMENTS OF THE VASCULAR BED OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS OF MATURE RATS UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL EXTRACELLULAR DEHYDRATION OF MEDIUM DEGREE

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About the author:	Hryntsova N. B., Romanyuk A. M.
Heading	EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Type of article	Scentific article
Annotation	Violation of water-electrolyte exchange is an extremely widespread pathology in severely ill patients. Maintaining the water-salt balance in the body is regulated by the nervous and humoral mechanisms. For isosmolar extracellular dehydration, salt loss is proportional to loss of water. It is noted in bleeding, burns, peritonitis. Adrenal glands are the most important link in the chain of endocrine regulation of most vital functions of the body. In order to study the dynamics of morphological alterations of the vascular medulla of the adrenal medulla under conditions of extracellular dehydration of moderate degree, an experiment was conducted on 12 white sexually mature male rats weighing 250-300g, aged 7-8 months. Morphometric, statistical and conventional methods of the microanatomical (histological) research method were applied. The general morphological and morphometric analysis was carried out with a light optic microscope "Zeiss Primo Star", with lenses x10, x20, x40, binoculars 7, 10. Morphometric study of micropreparations with the program "SCPR-2017 - Zen 2 lite" with photo-documentation of the results digital camcorder "axiocam ERC 5S Zeiss". Statistical processing of the results was carried out on a personal computer using the program "Statistica 8.0". As a result of the 60-day period of the experiment, the isotonic (normosmolar) extracellular dehydration of the average degree develops in the organism of experimental animals. This reduces the total Na content in the blood, reducing the volume of extracellular fluid, including its intra-vascular component. In cerebral adrenal glands, in the general context of hypovolemic disorders, microcirculation disorders that are nonspecific polymorphic are developing. These disorders affect blood vessel disorders (diffuse venous-capillary hypertrophy), changes in rheological properties of blood and increase the permeability of vascular walls with the formation of multiple small-centered diapedetic microhemorrhages of various sizes. As a result of violations of the rheological properties of blood and blood supply (condensation, decrease in the mass of circulating blood and increase the viscosity of blood) in the parenchyma of the gland tissue tissue hypoxia develops. The cross-sectional area of the vessels (μm²) increases by 6.3 times compared with the control (p≤ 0.001, t = 353.8216). The maximum cross-sectional area of the vessels is 2126,744 μm² and the minimum is 539,636 μm², respectively. Large and small diameters of the vessels of the cerebrospinal fluid of the adrenal glands exceed their rates, respectively, in 12 (p≤ 0.001, t = 6.731433) and 11 times (p≤ 0.001, t = 9.931655) compared to control. The maximum value of the large vessel diameter is 84,561 μm and the minimum is 25,139 μm, respectively. The maximum value of the small diameter of the vessels is 37,194 μm and the minimum is 17,457 μm, respectively. Dystrophic changes in the vascular bed of adrenal medulla have a negative effect on the morphofunctional and secretory activity of chromophilic cells, including, undoubtedly, on the evolution of evacuation processes of catecholamines in the vascular bed. This, in turn, negatively affects the development of the compensatory and adaptive processes in the body and the course of the general adaptive syndrome in response to the action of the damaging agent.
Tags	adrenal glands, extracellular dehydration, compensatory-adaptive processes, venous-capillary plethora
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Publication of the article	«World of Medicine and Biology» №3(65), 2018 year, 140-143 pages, index UDK 616.432:616.151.1-092.9
DOI	10.26724/2079-8334-2018-3-65-140-143