Article
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE NERVES IN THE WALLS OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND THOSE OF THE ADJACENT STRUCTURES IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PEOPLE
| About the author: | A.V. Bambuliak, N.B. Kuzniak, О.М. Boichuk, L.Ya. Lopushniak |
| Heading | EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE |
| Type of article | Scentific article |
| Annotation | The purpose of the research was to study syntopical features of the pterygopalatine ganglion, the nerves of the nasal area in order to determine their morphological changes in elderly and senile people. Using a complex of morphological methods of research, 31 specimens of the nasal area of elderly and senile people have been studied. They were carried out on the corpses of people who had died of causes not associated with ENT pathology. In accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical Principles of Medical Investigations involving Human Subjects as a Research Object" (1964-2000). The study involved the pterygopalatine foramen, the pterygopalatine ganglion, the nerve branches were separated, their course and branches that were traced. Then the posterior nasal branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion were examined. The rates of their branching and their syntopy were identified. The mucous membrane, glands and vessels of the walls of the nasal cavity and adjacent structures are innervated in different ways. For instance, 2-6 branches of the pterygopalatine nerves arise in the pterygopalatine fossa from the median surface of the maxillary nerve at a distance of 1.9-2.4 mm from the foramen rotundum. Some of them enter the pterygopalatine ganglion, and the others adjoin the ganglion and connects to the nerve branches, which arise from the latter. In this age group, on 20 specimens, the ganglion is located in the middle of the pterygopalatine fossa, on 6 of them it is closer to the front wall and on the rest 4 it is closer to the back wall. It is located 1.5-2.0 mm deep more laterally of the pterygopalatine foramen. The projection of the foramen on 25 specimens corresponded to the posterior end of the middle nasal turbinate and on 6 of them to the area between the posterior ends of the middle and upper nasal turbinates. In 11 specimens the ganglion was triangular, in 8-polygonal, 8-oval and in 4 of them it was cone-shaped. The pterygopalatine ganglion gives rise to some nervous branches. The greater palatine nerve, which is located in a large palatine canal, is the longest of them. The lateral upper posterior nasal branches on the 30 specimens arose from the ganglion, and on the 1st one, they branched out from the greater palatine nerve. In the region of the posterior edge of the nasal septum, the nerve branches were topographically located at the point of transition of the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus to the lower one, which could serve as a benchmark for surgical interventions on the nerves of the nasal cavity walls. The pterygopalatine ganglion in elderly and senile people is of various shape: from from triangular and polygonal to oval or conical. In a certain category of people in the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and its adjacent structures, the number of small and medium nerve fibers decreases. The posterior edges of the middle and lower nasal turbinates, the transition site of the anterior to the lower wall of the sphenoid sinus, may serve as a benchmark for surgical interventions in the posterior nasal nerves of the pterygopalatine ganglion. |
| Tags | pterygopalatine ganglion, nerves of the nasal cavity walls, ontogenesis, human |
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| Publication of the article | «World of Medicine and Biology» №2(64), 2018 year, 119-122 pages, index UDK 611.831.1-053.9 |
| DOI | 10.26724/2079-8334-2018-2-64-119-122 |